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The Sixth Integrated Assessment Report released by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in March 2023 indicated that global surface temperature from 2011 to 2020 was 1.1°C higher than pre-industrial levels (1850–1900). Greenhouse gas emissions from human activities such as fossil fuel combustion and land use have undeniably contributed to global warming. In recent years, extreme weather and climate events such as high temperatures, droughts, and torrential rains have become more frequent and intense, posing serious challenges to the sustainable development of future human society. Accurately monitoring greenhouse gas concentrations, sources, and trends is fundamental to greenhouse gas emission statistics and accounting. Compared with traditional ground-based monitoring methods, satellite remote sensing offers unique advantages such as high resolution, wide coverage, short revisit periods, and continuous dynamic data, providing high-precision, fundamental data support for global, national, and regional greenhouse gas monitoring.

Developing a new aerospace ecosystem and unleashing new digital and intelligent momentum, the 2024 Aerospace Information Conference and Digital Earth Ecosystem Summit, guided by the Aerospace Information Innovation Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Wuxi Municipal People's Government of Jiangsu Province, and hosted by the Wuxi Economic Development Zone Management Committee and Zhongke Xingtu Co., Ltd., was grandly held at the Wuxi International Convention Center from July 7th to July 9th, 2024.

Methane monitoring technologies are generally designed based on optical, chemical, and acoustic principles, primarily including hyperspectral infrared imaging spectrometers, thermal imagers, photoionization detectors, and ultrasonic detectors. These devices can be directly installed on production and transportation facilities for online monitoring, or mounted on mobile vehicles such as vehicles, low-altitude aircraft, or drones for sampling and analysis in a specific area. However, traditional monitoring technologies are limited by factors such as manpower, cost, time, and space, making it impossible to obtain continuous and traceable methane emission data over large areas, and lacking the ability to detect large-scale methane leaks. With advancements in satellite remote sensing technology, especially hyperspectral imaging technology, developed countries are accelerating the research and application of this technology in methane monitoring, aiming to build a global methane monitoring system.

With the continuous advancement of technology, precision agriculture has become an important development direction for modern agriculture. Precision agriculture is an agricultural production model based on modern information technology. By accurately acquiring, analyzing, and applying farmland information, it enables effective monitoring and management of the farmland environment, crop growth, and pests and diseases, thereby improving agricultural production efficiency and the quality of agricultural products. In this process, hyperspectral remote sensing technology plays a crucial role.

Methane (CH4) is a significant and potent greenhouse gas. Since the Industrial Revolution, atmospheric CH4 levels have been steadily increasing, with the global average concentration rising from 1.714 × 10⁻⁶ in 1900 to 1.912 × 10⁻⁶ in 2022, making it the most significant global warming factor besides carbon dioxide (CO2). Furthermore, CH4 has a global warming potential 27–30 times higher than CO2. Controlling methane emissions is crucial for controlling global average temperature rise (less than 2 °C and ideally less than 1.5 °C). Therefore, monitoring atmospheric CH4 has become a key focus and hot topic in carbon emission reduction.

There are three main methods for atmospheric CH4 detection: ground-based, airborne, and satellite-based. Ground-based detection was the earliest to develop and has now formed an observation system represented by the Total Carbon Column Observation Network (TCCON) and the National Disturbance and Change in Atmospheric Composition Detection Network (NDACC). Airborne detection has also seen the development of a series of detectors, such as the Airborne Laser Infrared Absorption Spectrometer (ALIAS) and the second-generation ALIAS (ALIAS-II), the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS-Classic), and the next-generation AVIRIS (AVIRIS-NG). While ground-based and airborne observations offer high precision, their spatial coverage is limited, restricting their application to localized observations. Satellite observation, unaffected by numerous natural conditions, enables continuous, stable, and high-precision observations globally, and provides verification and support for bottom-up emission inventories through a top-down approach.

With the development of remote sensing technology, agricultural monitoring and management are gradually moving towards intelligence and precision. Using time-series remote sensing imagery to determine agricultural activities and classify crops in specific plots has become an important tool in modern agriculture.

On June 19, 2024, the 2024 DEMO WORLD Enterprise Open Innovation Conference was grandly opened in Songjiang, the birthplace of the Yangtze River Delta G60 Science and Technology Innovation Corridor. This conference was hosted by Entrepreneurship Bang, co-hosted by the Shanghai Songjiang District Investment Promotion Service Center, and co-organized by the Jiuting Town Government of Songjiang District and Chint Smart Electric Port, with HSBC as a strategic partner.

Methane is the world's second-largest greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide, making comprehensive control of methane emissions of great significance. In recent years, my country has attached great importance to methane emission control, actively committed to methane emission reduction, and taken pragmatic actions, with a series of methane emission reduction initiatives continuously advancing.

Human activities since the First Industrial Revolution have more than doubled the concentration of methane in the atmosphere. While methane emissions account for 3% of total greenhouse gas emissions by mass, their radiative forcing (or climate forcing) accounts for 23% of total radiation. The 2023 Methane Emissions Report released by GHGSat shows that by the end of 2023, global methane emissions reached approximately 378 MtCO2e, double the amount emitted in 2022. Currently, methane is the second largest greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide and is receiving significant attention in all major economies worldwide.