Satellite remote sensing monitoring plays a significant role in marine environmental protection.

Today, human activities and rapid economic development have led to increasingly serious water pollution, which not only affects the environmental landscape but also adversely impacts residents' lives. How to effectively monitor and control water pollution, ensure water quality, and improve the human living environment has become one of the hot research topics for domestic scholars.

Advantages of marine remote sensing monitoring

Satellite remote sensing technology is a multi-scale and global technology. With its rapid development, it has seen significant improvements in spatial scale, temporal frequency, and sensor types, providing an ideal way to acquire high-frequency, wide-area, and full-scale remote sensing data. It offers significant advantages in accuracy, sensitivity, and timeliness for ocean water quality monitoring, making it an ideal tool for global, macroscopic marine environmental monitoring. Furthermore, satellite remote sensing data, due to its high precision, multi-band capabilities, and integrated image and spectral capabilities, is widely used in remote sensing water quality monitoring, greatly improving the accuracy of water quality parameter estimation. With the continuous advancement of remote sensing technology, water quality monitoring has shifted from qualitative description to quantitative analysis. Simultaneously, the number of measurable water quality parameters is gradually increasing, and inversion accuracy is continuously improving, playing a crucial role in the protection, planning, and sustainable development of the marine ecological environment.

Satellite remote sensing inversion of ocean water quality processIt can be summarized into three steps: data acquisition, feature extraction and algorithm selection, and water quality inversion.First, we acquire remote sensing information about the ocean surface from satellites, including attributes such as water temperature, color, and visible light. Then, we process the acquired remote sensing information to extract features, such as various toxic substances and organic carbon in the water. Finally, we use the information extracted from these features to perform inversion, which allows us to obtain accurate information about the seawater quality.

△Water transparency in Xiamen sea area in January 2024

Recently, the Xi'an Aerospace team of the Chinese Academy of Sciences conducted monitoring and inversion of marine water quality in the waters off Xiamen. The inversion results show that...In January 2024, the water color in the waters off Xiamen showed distinct regional characteristics, with the overall water color quality in the deep sea area being better than that in the near sea area.  
The water transparency inversion layer of Xiamen sea area in January 2024 shows that:The water transparency in the vicinity of Zhangzhou City and Anhai Bay is generally low, while the water transparency in the areas around Tongan Bay and Dongzui Port is relatively high, showing a better trend, but slightly lower than that of the deep sea area. 

△Water color index inversion in Xiamen sea area in January 2024

The water color index inversion layer of Xiamen sea area in January 2024 shows that:The overall regional effect is consistent with the trend of water transparency. The water color index near Zhangzhou City and Anhai Bay is generally low, while the water color index around Tongan Bay and Dongzui Port is high, showing a better trend, but slightly worse than the deep sea area. 

With the continuous development of remote sensing technology, water quality remote sensing monitoring, as a non-traditional monitoring technology, can monitor the spatiotemporal distribution of regional water quality over a large area in a rapid and real-time manner, reflecting the main sources of pollutants. Simultaneously, water quality remote sensing monitoring can also predict the flow trends of pollutants, meeting the requirements for spatiotemporal monitoring of water quality in large-scale water bodies and compensating for the shortcomings of traditional water quality monitoring methods. This provides a reference for water quality monitoring and remote sensing monitoring of the water environment in my country, offering new ideas and methods for water ecological environment protection. It not only saves a significant amount of manpower, material resources, and financial resources, but also helps environmental protection departments efficiently grasp and monitor the real-time status of the water ecological environment.