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Sustainable forest management has increased the focus on economic value, primarily on maintaining or improving species diversity, structure, and the current and future function and biological productivity of ecosystems. The shift from old-fashioned, traditional forest management methods that emphasized timber value to sustainable forest management is profound—a challenging time for considering the future direction of forests and forestry.

In the fields of Earth observation and environmental monitoring, remote sensing technology and artificial intelligence (AI) have become two important technological pillars. In recent years, the combination of hyperspectral remote sensing and large-scale AI models has been bringing us unprecedented technological breakthroughs. The rich spectral information of ground objects obtained through hyperspectral remote sensing, combined with the powerful data processing and learning capabilities of AI, is opening up a new path for intelligent Earth monitoring. Today, we will explore the enormous potential of this combination and its application prospects in various industries.

This project, based on time-series satellite remote sensing imagery and combined with plot delineation, phenological period analysis, and historical yield performance evaluation, conducted a long-term yield assessment study for target plots. Through precise data processing and analysis, it provides a scientific basis for plot yield performance and contributes to precision agricultural management.

exist Comparison of satellite hyperspectral data in geological mapping (Data section)The previous sections introduced the study area, data from different sensors, and data preprocessing. This section mainly introduces the relevant research techniques.

Fire is a crucial natural disturbance factor in ecosystems, playing a vital role in maintaining ecosystem stability, promoting forest development, and controlling vegetation succession. Burned area is a key factor in fire assessment. The size of the burned area reflects the extent of the fire's impact on forest vegetation.

The Sentinel-5P satellite, part of the Copernicus program, aims to provide space-based observational data to support air quality monitoring. It will provide measurements of air pollutants such as ozone, nitrogen dioxide, methane, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, and sulfur dioxide. Carrying the state-of-the-art Troposphere Instrument (Tropospheric Instrument), the satellite combines the advantages of SCIAMACHY, OMI, and other cutting-edge technologies, enabling it to image pollutants more accurately than ever before.

Data preparation and fusion were performed using Sentinel Hub and Google Earth Engine. Training samples were labeled using publicly available datasets, publications, and visual interpretation. The supervised learning method OBIA-RF (Object-Oriented Random Forest) was then used to classify and extract land cover features from the agricultural and forestry datasets. Finally, mapping and statistical analysis were conducted. Soil ecological potential was assessed by combining meteorological and soil data.

Next-generation satellite hyperspectral (HS) sensors offer significant potential for large-scale regional mineral mapping. However, like all satellite sensors, their results rely on complex correction processes that require removing the effects of atmosphere, topography, and geometric distortions before accurately acquiring reflectance spectra. These corrections are often performed manually, and different methods can yield varying results. Rupsa et al. compared PRISMA, EnMAP, and EMIT hyperspectral satellite data with airborne imagery data acquired by HyMap sensors to investigate the consistency between these datasets and their applicability in geological mapping. Based on geological importance, relatively good exposure, arid climate, and data availability, Rupsa et al. selected the Marinkas-Quellen and Eppembe carbonate complexes in Namibia for comparison.

Aquaculture (or aquaculture) is a type of aquaculture that utilizes natural water surfaces or artificial ponds to stock seedlings of high-value fish, shellfish, crustaceans, and algae, providing them with feed, controlling diseases, and promoting their rapid growth through artificial reproduction—a planned production operation. my country is the world's largest aquaculture nation and the only country in the world whose aquaculture production exceeds its catch, and the scale of aquaculture continues to grow rapidly.

With the increasing severity of global climate change, the monitoring and research of carbon dioxide (CO₂), as one of the major greenhouse gases, has become a focus of attention for the global scientific community. Against this backdrop, NASA's Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) satellite was developed, becoming an important tool for humanity to explore carbon dioxide emissions and absorption in the Earth's atmosphere.